Comparison of Menstruation-Related Symptoms Before and During Menstruation of University Students in Japan, a Year after the COVID-19 Pandemic

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic affected the daily lifestyle of people, including many aspects affecting young women. Subsequent to COVID-19 stress and anxiety have been reported related menstrual disorders (Takmaz, Gundogmus, Okten, & Gunduz, 2021). purpose this study was investigate intensity compare menstruation-related symptoms before during menstruation among university students in Japan. We conducted an online cross-sectional from May July 2021 using a distress questionnaire (MDQ) assess experienced menstruation. Our results showed that 141 students, five (3.5%) did not report any one student (0.7%) had no found most frequently were skin blemishes or disorder, mood swings, irritability, swelling, cramps, fatigue, take naps, stay bed, feeling sad blue, weight gain difficulty concentrating. backache, blemish poor school/work performance. total MDQ score significantly higher than Among eight scales, scores scales pain, autonomic reaction, impaired concentration, behavior change, control prevalence increased appetite craving for sweets prolonged exposure may more effect on psychological physical symptoms.